tyranny

英 ['tɪrəni] 好意思 ['tɪrəni]

n.暴政；苛政；专制

◉词源

源自古希腊语 τυραννία (tyrannía) ← τύραννος (túrannos)（“僭主、王人备统帅者”），词源可能来自吕底亚语（非印欧语系）。古希腊早期（公元前7–6世纪）风趣中性：指通过非世及/积恶妙技夺取城邦权柄的统帅者（不一定是坏的）。→ 经柏拉图、亚里士多德形而上学批判后，负面化：豪放、积恶、压迫性统帅。→ 中古英语（约14世纪）通过古法语 tyrannie 参加英语，固定为“暴政、专制统帅”，当代常指极权/压迫性政权，也可比方性使用（如“手艺的暴政”）。 词根：tyrann-（古希腊语，6686体育世界杯中国官网首页非典型印欧词根，可能外来语） 后缀：-ia（希腊语详尽名词后缀，暗意“……的景况/轨制”）

◉外刊例句

《The New York Times》, 2025

Wherever law ends, tyranny begins.

那里法律隔断，暴政就运转。

《The Guardian》, 2024

This is how tyranny makes itself electable: it is branded as the avenging arm of freedom.

暴政等于这么让我方变得可被选举：把我方包装成解放的复仇之臂。

◉经典名著

John Locke – 《Second Treatise of Government》 (1689)

Wherever law ends, tyranny begins.

凡法律隔断之处，暴政即运转。

George Orwell – 《1984》 (1949)

The Party seeks power entirely for its own sake... Power is not a means; it is an end... the object of tyranny.

党浅近为了权柄自身而追求权柄……权柄不是妙技，而是观点……这等于暴政的筹备。

◉ Usage Examples

(1) They will fight tyranny to the death.

(2) Revolution is a frequent outgrowth of tyranny.

(3) Tyranny is fiercer than a tiger.

(4) Those states lie under a tyranny.

(5) Freedom from tyranny is a principle we should always defend.

(1) 他们誓死反对暴政。

(2) 创新是暴政促成的常有用果。

(3) 苛政猛于虎。

(4) 那些国度处于专制统帅之下。

(5) 从专制中得回解放是一个咱们应该恒久改革的原则。

◉ Usage Notes

Tyranny is a noun that describes a repressive and arbitrarily cruel regime. Don't accuse your mother of tyranny just because she won't let you play video games all weekend long.

One of the root words of tyranny is the Latin tyrannia which means the "rule of a tyrant" and a tyrant is a "cruel master." Today, it can mean the repressive regime of a dictator or it can also mean being controlled by something metaphorically harsh like time or work. Maybe the oldest example of a tyranny is that of Tyrannosaurus Rex, or "king of the giant lizards," who many of us grew up thinking was the largest, most predatory and frightening of the dinosaurs who supposedly ruled over the rest of the dinosaur world with its huge, sharp teeth and claws.

◉柯林斯辞书

1[N-VAR 可变名词]暴政；苛政；专制政府 A tyranny is a cruel, harsh, and unfair government in which a person or small group of people have power over everyone else.

He described these regimes as tyrannies and dictatorships…

他把这些政权称作专制与独裁政府。

Self-expression and individuality are the greatest weapons against tyranny.

自我发扬与追求个性是不服暴政的最好兵器。

2[N-UNCOUNT 不成数名词]专横；尖酸；严酷 If you describe someone's behaviour and treatment of others that they have authority over as tyranny, you mean that they are severe with them or unfair to them.

I'm the sole victim of Mother's tyranny.

我是独一受母亲严加管理的东说念主。

3[N-COUNT 可数名词](不满意或令东说念主不快的)必需品 You can describe something that you have to use or have as a tyranny if you think it is undesirable or unpleasant. [oft N of n]

The telephone is one of the great tyrannies of modern life.

电话是当代生计中让东说念主最反感的必需品之一6686·体育世界杯(中国)官方网站。